Technical Specifications : 
Capable of:

• Investigatng the behavior and characteristics of electromagnetic waves, including reflection, refraction, diffraction, and polarization
• Providing monochromatic and polychromatic light for studying optical phenomena
• Focusing, reflecting, and manipulating light beams to observe refraction, reflection, and focusing
• Study of polarization effects, including Brewster’s Angle and Fresnel’s Law
• Facilitating angular measurements for experiments involving Brewster’s Angle and Fresnel’s Law.
• Study of reflection and transmission coefficients based on Fresnel’s equations
• Measurement of the intensity and polarization state of reflected and transmitted light

Optical Bench with Mounts and Accessories

• Length: At least 1.5 m with scale markings
• Mounts: Adjustable mounts for lenses, mirrors, and polarizers
• Material: Anti-vibration aluminum construction
• Accessories: Sliders, holders, and clamps for secure component placement

Light Sources

• Monochromatic Source: Laser diode (wavelengths: 532 nm for green, 650 nm for red)
• Polychromatic Source: Halogen lamp with adjustable intensity
• Power Output: 1 mW to 10 mW for lasers
• Collimation: Built-in collimating lens for uniform beam

Lenses and Mirrors

• Lenses: Convex and concave, focal lengths from 10 mm to 200 mm
• Mirrors: Planar and concave, with high reflectivity (≥ 95%)
• Coatings: Anti-reflection or dielectric coatings to minimize losses

Polarizers and Analyzers

• Type: Linear polarizers, circular polarizers, and beam-splitting polarizers
• Transmission Range: 400 nm to 700 nm (visible range)
• Material: Polaroid film or glass-based polarizers
• Mounts: Adjustable rotation mounts for angular alignment

Beam Splitters and Prisms

• Beam Splitters: Cube or plate type, with 50:50 or custom splitting ratios
• Prisms: Right-angle, equilateral, and triangular prisms
• Coatings: Anti-reflective and dielectric coatings for specific wavelength ranges

Rotatable Stage with Angular Scale

• Rotation Range: 0° to 360°
• Accuracy: ±0.1° or better
• Mounting Compatibility: Compatible with optical mounts and polarizers
• Material: Aluminum with a smooth rotary mechanism

Dielectric Plates

• Material: Glass, quartz, and polymers with known refractive indices
• Dimensions: 100 mm x 100 mm x 2 mm (typical size)
• Refractive Index Range: 1.3 to 2.5 for diverse experimental setups

Detectors and Measurement Devices

• Photodiodes: Sensitivity range from 400 nm to 1000 nm
• Power Meters: Accuracy of ±5% with digital readout
• Polarization Analyzers: Measure degree of polarization and angle