Covers the following electronic components and their characterstics.
Diode characteristics

• Exercise 1: Diode as a valve in a circuit

• Exercise 2: Static recording of the current-voltage characteristics

• Exercise 3: Dynamic representation of the current- voltage characteristic

• Exercise 4: The differential resistance of diodes  

Single-pulse rectifier circuit M1U

• Exercise 1: The output voltage Vout(t) for an ohmic load

• Exercise 2: The output voltage as a function of the load capacitor

• Exercise 3: The output voltage as a function of the load resistor

• Exercise 4: Determining the reverse voltage  

Two-pulse midpoint rectifier M2U

• Exercise 1: The output voltage vout(t) for an ohmic load

• Exercise 2: The output voltage as a function of the charging capacitor

• Exercise 3: The output voltage as a function of the load resistor

• Exercise 4: Determining the reverse voltage  

Two-pulse bridge-rectifier circuit B2U

• Exercise 1: The output voltage v out (t) for an ohmic load

• Exercise 2: The output voltage as a function of the charging capacitor

• Exercise 3: The output voltage as a function of the load resistor

• Exercise 4: Determining the diode current

• Exercise 5: Determining the reverse voltage across the diode V1

Smoothing and filtering

• Exercise 1: Representing the ripple voltage on the load voltage

• Exercise 2: The ripple voltage as a function of charging capacitor and load resistor

• Exercise 3: Measuring and calculating the ripple voltage

• Exercise 4: The influence of an RC filter on the ripple voltage

LED characteristic

• Exercise 1:Dependence of the emittence of light from an LED on the polarity of the operating voltage

• Exercise 2:Static current-voltage characteristic IF = f(VF) of a red LED and of an infrared? LED

• Exercise 3: Dynamic representation of the current- voltage characteristic IF = f(UF) of a red, an infrared and a green LED

• Exercise 4: Threshold voltages of LEDs  

Zener diode characteristics

• Exercise 1: Static current-voltage characteristic IZ= f(VZ) of Zener diode

• Exercise 2: Dynamic representation of the current- voltage characteristic IZ= f(VZ) of a Zener diode

• Exercise 3: Determining the working point P(VZ, IZ)

• Exercise 4: Differential resistance of Zener diodes

Voltage stabilization with Zener diode

• Exercise 1: Representing the output voltage characteristic V out= f(V in ) as a function of the selected Zener diode

• Exercise 2: Influence of load resistance and load current on the output voltage

• Exercise 3: Stabilizing a pulsing dc voltage Exercise 4: Calculating the stabilization factors  

VDR characteristic

• Exercise 1:Static recording of the current-voltage characteristic I = f(V) of a voltage-dependent resistor

• Exercise 2: Determine the operating point P(V VDR ,I)

• Exercise 3:Dynamic representation of the current-voltage characteristic I = f(V) of a voltage-dependent resistor.

• Exercise 4: Using the VDR as a voltage limiter  

Transistor input characteristic

• Exercise 1: Base-emitter diode characteristic for open collector

• Exercise 2: Influence of the collector voltage on the input characteristic

• Exercise 3: Static and differential input resistance  

Control characteristic with current amplification

• Exercise 1:Representing the relationship IC(IB) with VCE as parameter, i.e.VCE = constant

• Exercise 2: Static current amplification

• Exercise 3: Dynamic current amplification

• Exercise 4:Transposing the operating point inside the characteristic fields IB(VBE), IC(IB) and IC(VCE)

Transistor output characteristic

• Exercise 1:Measurement method for determining the relation between VCE?and I C

• Exercise 2:Recording the parameters in tables

• Exercise 3:Representing the parameters in the output characteristics field

Common emitter

• Exercise 1:Setting the working point

• Exercise 2:Voltage division and dc losses

• Exercise 3:Working point stabilization

Emitter Amplifier

• Exercise 1:Voltage gain

• Exercise 2:Current gain

• Exercise 3:AC power

Negative current feedbackin the emitter amplifier

• Exercise 1Influence of the emitter capacitor C E on the voltage gain

• Exercise 2: Frequency response of the voltage gain

• Exercise 3:m Overdrive

• Exercise 4:Input resistance  

Common base

• Exercise 1: Working point setting and function of common base

• Exercise 2: Input resistance and gain factors

• Exercise 3: Phase and HF properties

Common Collector

• Exercise 1:Working point setting and stabilization

• Exercise 2:Gain factors

• Exercise 3:Input and output resistances for ac current  

Transistor as switch

• Exercise 1:Transistor with control circuit and switching circuit - current gain

• Exercise 2:Base current for reliable switching

• Exercise 3: Power losses of a switching transistor

• Exercise 4:Control with square-wave generator  

Characteristics of a FET

• Exercise 1:Self-conduction of the depletion layer FET

• Exercise 2:Working ranges for control voltage and current

• Exercise 3:Output characteristics field with VGS as parameter

• Exercise 4:Input characteristic with VDS as parameter

Interpreting the characteristics of a FET  

• Exercise 1:Displaying output characteristics with the oscilloscope

• Exercise 2:Transferring the oscillogram to a scaled output characteristics field

• Exercise 3:Determining the dynamic output resistance rout?at different working points

• Exercise 4:Displaying input characteristics with the oscilloscope

• Exercise 5:Transferring the oscillogram to a scaled input characteristics field

• Exercise 6:Determining the slope S for different working points

Properties of phototransistors

• Exercise 1:Photocurrent resulting from radiant exposure to an LED

• Exercise 2:Spectral sensitivity of the phototransistor

• Exercise 3:Qualitative examination of the characteristic  

Optocoupler with phototransistor and LED  

• Exercise 1: Principle of dc decoupling by means of an optocoupler

• Exercise 2: Working point conditions

• Exercise 3: Discrete optocoupler acting as a pulsating voltage amplifier

• Exercise 4: Frequency response

Diac characteristic and application

• Exercise 1: Representation of the current/voltage characteristic I = f(V)

• Exercise 2:Determining the positive and negative breakdown voltage Vr, F, VBr,R

• Exercise 3:Determining the residual voltages VF, VR and the return voltages VF, VR

• Exercise 4: Generating trigger pulses for triac control  

Thyristor characteristics

• Exercise 1: Thyristor as a controllable valve

• Exercise 2: Dynamic representation of the current- voltage characteristic IG= f (VG) of the gate cathode path.

• Exercise 3: Dynamic representation of the current- voltage characteristic IF= f(VF)

Thyristor in dc circuit

• Exercise 1: Determine typical values for thyristor triggering

• Exercise 2: Measure the minimum current necessary for operation

• Exercise 3: Turning off a thyristor by means of capacitor discharge

Thyristor in ac circuit

• Exercise 1: Representing the voltage curve VL at the load and the characteristic of the gate current IG

• Exercise 2: Determine the trigger angle and the current flow angle from the VL voltage curve

• Exercise 3: Representing the voltage curves of VT and VL for > 90°

Triac characteristic

• Exercise 1: Oscillogram of the triac characteristic for specified gate current

• Exercise 2: Representing the triac as an anti-parallel circuit of two thyristors

• Exercise 3: Dependence of the triac voltage VT= VA2, A1 on the gate current IG

Phase control with triac

• Exercise 1: The operating principle of the triac as a controllable valve

• Exercise 2: Setting the control angle

• Exercise 3: Function of the trigger pulse circuit  Discrete Components:

  • 1 Resistor 10 ohm, 2 W

  • 1 Resistor 100 ohm, 2 W

  • 1 Resistor 330 ohm, 2 W

  • 1 Resistor 470 ohm, 2 W

  • 1 Resistor 1 kohm, 2 W

  • 1 Resistor 1.5 kohm, 2 W

  • 1 Resistor 2.2 kohm, 2 W

  • 1 Resistor 3.3 kohm, 2 W

  • 1 Resistor 10 kohm, 0.5 W

  • 1 Resistor 47 kohm, 0.5 W

  • 1 Resistor 100 kohm, 0.5 W

  • 1 Resistor 1 Mohm, 0.5 W

  • 1 Potentiometer 1 kohm, 1 W

  • 1 Potentiometer 10 kohm, 1 W

  • 1 Potentiometer 100 kohm, 1 W

  • 1 Voltage dependent resistor

  • 1 Capacitor 100 pF, 160 V

  • 1 Capacitor 22 nF, 100 V

  • 1 Capacitor 0.1 µF, 100 V

  • 1 Capacitor 1 µF, 100 V

  • 1 Capacitor 2.2 µF, 63 V

  • 2 Capacitors 4.7 µF, 63 V

  • 1 Capacitor 10 µF, 35 V

  • 1 Capacitor 47 µF, 40 V

  • 1 Capacitor 100 µF, 35 V

  • 1 Capacitor 470 µF, 16 V

  • 1 Light emit. diode infrared, lateral

  • 1 Ge diode AA 118

  • 4 Si diodes 1N 4007

  • 1 Z diode ZPD 9.1

  • 1 Z diode ZPD 6.2

  • 1 LED1, green, top, LEGED 1 LED1, green, top, LEGED

  • 1 LED red, lateral

  • 1 Diac BR 100

  • 1 Photo-diode BPX 43

  • 1 Transistor BD 137 (NPN), e.b.

  • 1 Fe-transistor BF 244

  • 2 Thyristors TYN 1012 1 Triac BT 137/800

  • 1 Inductance 33 mH

  • 2 Lamp holders E10, top 2 Key switch, single-pole

  • 1 Set 10 incand. lamps 12 V/3 W, E10

  • 1 Tray  

  • 2 Capacitors 4.7 µF, 63 V

  • 1 Capacitor 10 µF, 35 V

  • 1 Capacitor 47 µF, 40 V

  • 1 Capacitor 100 µF, 35 V

  • 1 Capacitor 470 µF, 16 V

  • 1 Light emit. diode infrared, lateral 1 Ge diode AA 118

  • 4 Si diodes 1N 4007

  • 1 Z diode ZPD 9.1

  • 1 Z diode ZPD 6.2

  • 1 LED1, green, top, LEGED 1 LED1, green, top, LEGED 1 LED red, lateral

  • 1 Diac BR 100

  • 1 Photo-diode BPX 43

  • 1 Transistor BD 137 (NPN), e.b.

  • 1 Fe-transistor BF 244

  • 2 Thyristors TYN 1012 1 Triac BT 137/800

  • 1 Inductance 33 mH

  • 2 Lamp holders E10, top 2 Key switch, single-pole

  • 1 Set 10 incand. lamps 12 V/3 W, E10

  • 1 Tray