Features:
1. Direct Measurement of Friction Loss:
• The apparatus is specifically designed to measure friction loss directly in a small-bore test pipe.
2. Flow Investigation Capabilities:
• Capable of investigating both laminar and turbulent flow regimes, along with identifying the transition point between them.
3. Critical Reynolds Number and Poiseuille's Equation:
• Demonstrates the critical Reynolds number, and provides a means of verifying Poiseuille's Equation for laminar flow.
• Ideal for studying fundamental principles of fluid mechanics.

4. Precision Flow Control:
• Includes a precision valve that allows for accurate control of flow rate to ensure steady and repeatable results during experiments.
5. Header Tank for Laminar Flow:
• A header tank is incorporated to maintain the required steady conditions necessary for accurate laminar flow observation.
6. Test Pipe Specifications:
• Internal Diameter of Test Pipe: 3 mm (minimum), optimized for precise friction loss and flow measurements.
7. Measurement Instruments:
• Water Manometer Range: 0 ~ 530 mm, designed for accurate measurement of pressure differences during the flow experiments.
• Pressure Meter Range: 0 ~ 20 m (water), for monitoring the pressure across the test pipe.

8. Required Accessories:
• Pressure Meter: For accurate pressure measurement.
• Hand-Pump: For controlled pressurization and flow adjustments.
• Stopwatch: For timing and flow rate calculations.
• Printed Operation Manual: A comprehensive guide for setup, operation, and experimentation.